Sažetak | Zadatak diplomskog rada bio je odrediti razine 8-hidroksideoksigvanozina (8-OHdG), biomarkera oksidativnog oštećenja DNA, u urinu osoba veganskog načina prehrane. Prikupljeni uzorci prvog jutarnjeg urina analizirani su uz enzimski imunotest na čvrstoj fazi (ELISA), nakon čega su dobivene vrijednosti biomarkera bile korigirane prema razinama urinarnog kreatinina. Ispitanici su ispunili anketu s osnovnim demografskim i antropometrijskim podacima i trodnevni dnevnik prehrane (dva radna dana i jedan dan vikenda). Aplikacijom za izračun nutrijenata na temelju unosa hrane određen je unos energije i nutrijenata te je ispitana njihova povezanost s razinama 8-OHdG-a. Utvrđene su vrijednosti u rasponu od 140,31 do 725,68 ng·mg-1 kreatinina. Nije ustanovljena značajna razlika u razini 8-OHdG-a između spolova (334,50 prema 213,48 ng·mg-1; p = 0,192). Koeficijenti korelacije između dobi i BMI vrijednosti ispitanika i njihovih koncentracija 8-OHdG-a bile su slabo pozitivne, ali ne i statistički značajne. Uočen je nešto viši medijan urinarnog 8-OHdG-a kod nepušača u odnosu na pušače (334,50 prema 222,54 ng·mg-1; p = 0,127). Statistički značajna pozitivna korelacija utvrđena je s dnevnim unosom povrća (r = 0,474; p = 0,035), dok je veza s unosom kave i čaja bila na granici statističke značajnosti (r = 0,419; p = 0,066). Sastojci hrane čiji unos je bio zamjetno povezan s razinama 8-OHdG-a su alkohol (r = -0,599; p = 0,005), vlakna (r = 0,430; p = 0,058) te proteini (r = 0,442; p = 0,051). Rezultati su u skladu s alternativnom hipotezom prema kojoj više razine 8-OHdG-a u urinu ukazuju na učinkovitije sustave popravka DNA. |
Sažetak (engleski) | The aim of the thesis was to determine the levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage, in the urine of individuals following a vegan diet. First morning urine samples were analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the obtained biomarker values were adjusted for urinary creatinine levels. Participants completed a survey with basic demographic and anthropometric data, and a three-day food record (two working days, one weekend day). An application was used to determine energy and nutrient intake on the basis of food consumption, and their association with 8-OHdG levels was examined. Concentrations ranged from 140.31 to 725.68 ng·mg-1 creatinine. No significant difference in median 8-OHdG levels was found between genders (334.50 vs. 213.48 ng·mg-1; p = 0.192). Correlation coefficients between age or BMI values of participants and their 8-OHdG concentrations were weakly positive, but not statistically significant. A slightly higher median urinary 8-OHdG was observed in non-smokers compared to smokers (334.50 vs. 222.54 ng·mg-1; p = 0.127). A statistically significant positive correlation was found with daily vegetable intake (r = 0.474; p = 0.035), while the association with coffee and tea intake was marginally significant (r = 0.419; p = 0.066). Food components whose intake was noticeably associated with 8-OHdG levels included alcohol (r = -0.599; p = 0.005), fiber (r = 0.430; p = 0.058), and protein (r = 0.442; p = 0.051). The results are consistent with the alternative hypothesis according to which higher levels of 8-OHdG in urine indicate more efficient DNA repair systems. |