A peanut is a legume which curative attributes have been known even from the times of the Maya, the Incas and the Aztecs. Modern science just confirms and contrives reasons for everyday usage of a fresh peanut and confirms its extraordinary nutritive significance. The consummation of a peanut is encouraged by a great number of its products for children and adults. Due to the massive production comes the great risk. The carcinogenic toxin, aflatoxin, can be induced by a peanut. This toxin can cause death if it is consumed in bigger amounts. Aflatoxins are among the most dangerous microtoxins and they affect both humans and animals. One of the biggest threats for human health is their presence in cereals, soy, milk and other products. A peanut has got one more negative attribute. It is one of the biggest allergens and today people are greatly affected by more and more allergies. The influence of a peanut and its contribution to human nourishment is highly significant. Therefore, each new product containing peanuts is readily accepted and consumed by snack lovers. Although a fresh peanut has the biggest nutritive qualities, it cannot allure a bigger number of consumers. In this case, the consummation of a fresh peanut as a very useful nutritive food should be promoted on a higer level by nutritionists and medicine.