Diabetes mellitus or the sugar disease is a chronic, metabolic disorder which is characterized by an increased blood-glucose level. It is classified into diabetes type 1 which is insuline dependant and diabetes type 2 which is insuline independant. Increased blood-glucose levels in diabetes type 1 are due to insuline deficiency in the organism. The insuline deficiency is caused by the destruction of pancreatic beta cells due to an autoimmune reaction. Diabetes type 1 is developed due to genetic predisposition in individuals and under the effect of external factors. If it is not treated, smaller and larger blood vessels become damaged which causes complications in numerous cells in the organism. Diabetes is prevalent in the entire world and each day the number of diseased increases. Treatment and health care cost 673 billion american dollars in the world, Europe spent 9 % of their health fund while Croatia spent 11.5 %. Most of these costs were spent on treatment of already developed diabetic complications. Treatment of diabetes type 1 is done in three ways: by insuline therapy, by dietotherapy and by physical activity. Insuline therapy must be conducted daily, and the insuline can be injected several times a day via injections or it can be continually released via insuline pumps. Dietotherapy is carried out individually, and the diet is based on the principles of a balanced healthy nutrition. Lately the method of carbohydrate counting is popular because it offers greater freedom while planning a diet. Physical activity may be conducted only if blood-glucose levels are well regulated because otherwise it will have a negative impact on the patient. A large number of diabetic products is available on the market in which the amount of sugar is reduced or replaced with artificial sweeteners, and the consumption of these products carries no risk of developing hyperglycemia.